This fixes all build issues and the only remaining issue is:

https://github.com/musescore/MuseScore/issues/24097

- Fix the requires exclude

- Replace local patches with upstream patches:
dropped:
no-libraries-from-internet.patch
pass-in-freetype2.patch
added:
56db7728d4f4534c83eb875174560c0a7f978cb8.patch
696279e362afe72db5e92f8a47aa64b3a0e86a86.patch

- ignore requires for internal QML components

- the app mode define for cmake switched to MUSE_APP_BUILD_MODE

- BR hicolor-icon-theme for directory ownership

- Added pass-in-freetype2.patch:
We also need to check for HarfBuzz as the internal drawing code
also loads HarfBuzz header files.
The finder is a copy of the same file already in the freetype
intree copy.

- update patch with the changes from the pull request
- enable internal drawing code again

- disable internal drawing code because it requires an msdfgen.h

- add BR for glibc locale package and set UTF-8 locales as the
tooling complains about non UTF-8 locales